In recent years, online SHOPPING has bene ted great importance and popularity across the world. The purpose of this study is to identify factors a ecting consumers online SHOPPING intention. A paper-based survey questionnaire was distributed among the residents of Tehran and ultimately 355 questionnaires were used for modeling. The results of the structural equation modeling revealed that factors such as trust, positive attitudes towards online SHOPPING, tra c restrictions, consumer resources could have their own positive e ects on individuals online SHOPPING intention; in contrast, perceived risk, sense of place, and positive attitudes towards in-store SHOPPING could bring about negative impacts on such orientations. The e ects of some socio-demographic variables and product-related ones were also further discussed. The  ndings of this study could be used for online stores in order to attract more consumers as well as for transport system planners in order to reduce demands for SHOPPING TRIPs and thus control traffic.

Many researchers have investigated the effect of alloying elements on the properties of high-strength steels. Vanadium is of great importance due to its positive effect on solid solution strengthening, precipitation hardening, and grain boundary refinement, but the effect of this element on the properties of delta-TRIP steel has not been investigated independently, therefore, in this reserch, the effect of adding 0.12 and 0.25 wt.% vanadium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Delta-TRIP steel has been studied.  The structure of the three steels before applying the heat treatment cycle consisted of delta-ferrite, allotriomorphic ferrite, martensite, and pearlite. The heat treatment cycle led to the stability of the austenite phase. The addition of 0.12 wt.% V resulted in the enhancement of the mechanical properties so that the best combination of strength (866 MPa) and elongation percentage (41%) was achieved in this steel. Nonetheless, the addition of 0.25 wt.% V deteriorated the mechanical properties since the increase in the vanadium content promoted the formation of martensite, decreased the percentage of the retained austenite, and weakened the mechanical properties. However, adding 0.12 wt.% V improved the mechanical properties since it increased the strength through solid-solution strengthening and precipitation hardening; no brittle martensite was formed, and lamellar δ-ferrite was achieved. The steel containing 0.12 wt.% V, exhibiting a formability index of 35700 MPa%, is in the range of third-generation advanced high-strength steels.

Decision on policies such as the ban on vehicles traffic or on a specific day, parking charges and the possibility of variable work hours requires behavioral studies sensitive to this kind of policies which activity-based approach tries to create a suitable tool for with regard to time and space of people activities and their plan. TRIP chain planning in such a way that people, especially in metropolitans, travel sequentially and without any need to return home is an attempt to save time and money, that this paper deals with mathematical modeling. Modeling the selection of TRIP chain pattern and interpretation of relevant variables are the main objective of the current paper which in order to implement the model empirically and quantitatively, data obtained from inquiry a sample of Qazvin residents (including personal and household characteristics) and the characteristics of transport networks and features of vulnerable sites for doing tasks is used. Selecting TRIP chain pattern of people with separated travel purpose is done by Multinomial Logit Model and factors affecting the selection of different types of TRIP chain pattern in three-TRIP tours is examined. The results show that the average travel time, passenger age, gender, car ownership, walking, business rates of one’s residential place, employment and per-capita vehicle ownership in the origin area are the various factors affecting the choice of the TRIP chain pattern. Such models and this analysis can help transport managers and policy makers in different management policies to improve traffic conditions by providing useful and needed information.

This paper examines the structure of traveler behavior and how it can be measured using a set of survey questions. In this context، senses of place factors were extracted using a three-tiered، structural equation model، which simultaneously estimated three factors: Attitude، Lifestyle and SHOPPING orientation. Through this research we have been able to both transfer successful questions measuring well accepted behavior constructs and examine further place attributes contribution. However، it is necessary to further this research and the preliminary findings of this exploratory analysis. All three factors need to be verified in future studies for their ability to explain behavior، and should be examined in different everyday activity settings to compare the strength of the manifested factors across types of activities and settings. In parallel، qualitative analysis can be used to enhance the understanding of these concepts. Although several socio-demographic characteristics were shown to be attitudes، these indicators are only able to explain a small subset of the variation، and the rich nature of behavior may require more in-depth scrutiny of their formation as well as other determinants. This study is limited to behavior about one specific location studied (Bazar)، and within a short period of a day’ s activities. Future research should be conducted to determine if there are aspects of behavior and their development that might be predicted more completely using socio-demographic indicators. The idea of applying these variables in modeling the individual clothes SHOPPING destination choice by using structure equation models was sourced from ethology studies on customers of SHOPPING centers (novelty of paper). In this paper 213 samples are collected by internet-based questionnaire and individuals socio-economic، attitude، lifestyle and SHOPPING orientation were asked. This integrated model is able to correctly predict the 68. 1 percent of observation has the highest percent correct.

The concept of SHOPPING in cultural studies has been changed by the spread of social media in the form of virtual markets and online SHOPPING, as an identity-maker action. Examining the role of virtual social networks on Tehran people’ s SHOPPING experiences, this article aims to identify the differences between SHOPPING experience in virtual and real spaces. To capture the meaning of the SHOPPING experience in the first and second spaces, the present research uses the paradigm of dual spacization, and studying the pattern of SHOPPING behavior in Instagram and Telegram channels, it intends to investigate this dual-spacization field using ethnographic and netnographic methods. Identifying and then explaining, the typology of virtual stimulating and limiting factors through online and offline SHOPPING spaces observations, it turned out that Instagram and Telegram are more an advertising means for real market goods than a space for direct SHOPPING. The research findings show that while SHOPPING for the sake of spending leisure times and hanging around is common in both real and virtual markets, but contrary to the idea of Michel deCerteau and thinkers, who advocate resistance, leisure, pleasure and hanging around of the audience, involving actively in SHOPPING malls and membership in virtual channels, the buyer is engaged in a"consumption cycle" so that consumer tactics have not been able to be used as an emancipating element in the strategy of consumer society.